6 - Segmental analysis of life and related businesses embedded value


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  Net worth   Value of in-force covered business   Total
30 June 2008 Required capital1
£m
Free surplus
£m
  Present value of in-force
£m
Cost of required capital
£m
  Embedded value
£m
  1. Required capital is shown net of implicit items permitted by local regulators to cover minimum solvency margins.
  2. Aviva USA holding company debt amounting to £356 million at 30 June 2008 (30 June 2007: £349 million; 31 December 2007: £349 million) has been included within other operations.
  3. The temporary negative free surplus in Aviva USA reflects the different impact of reduced equity markets on regulatory reserves and the matching derivative protection for equity indexed products.
United Kingdom 1,329 998   4,569 (349)   6,547
France 1,495 22   1,422 (337)   2,602
Ireland 285 215   584 (48)   1,036
Italy 391 514   338 (72)   1,171
Netherlands (including Belgium and Germany) 1,649 910   1,789 (589)   3,759
Poland 150 80   832 (48)   1,014
Spain 341 130   790 (79)   1,182
Other Europe 25 44   127 (11)   185
Europe 4,336 1,915   5,882 (1,184)   10,949
North America2,3 804 (82)   1,159 (167)   1,714
Asia Pacific 282 148   310 (83)   657
Total 6,751 2,979   11,920 (1,783)   19,867
  Net worth   Value of in-force covered business   Total
31 December 2007 Required capital1
£m
Free surplus
£m
  Present value of in-force
£m
Cost of required capital
£m
  Embedded value
£m
  1. Required capital is shown net of implicit items permitted by local regulators to cover minimum solvency margins.
United Kingdom 1,307 1,338   4,816 (355)   7,106
France 1,510 74   1,416 (340)   2,660
Ireland 267 213   564 (45)   999
Italy 305 464   299 (61)   1,007
Netherlands (including Belgium and Germany) 1,456 1,557   1,605 (442)   4,176
Poland 129 128   726 (41)   942
Spain 316 87   714 (69)   1,048
Other Europe 24 33   110 (11)   156
Europe 4,007 2,556   5,434 (1,009)   10,988
North America 776 46   918 (152)   1,588
Asia Pacific 241 187   281 (72)   637
Total 6,331 4,127   11,449 (1,588)   20,319

The shareholders’ net worth is the market value of the shareholders’ funds and the shareholders’ interest in the surplus held in the non-profit component of the long-term business funds, determined on a statutory solvency basis and adjusted to add back any non-admissible assets. Required capital, net of implicit items, is included within the net worth.

The value of in-force covered business includes “cost of required capital” – the effect of holding shareholders’ capital to support the level of required capital and allowing for projected future releases.

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